Cutting Equipment
The right equipment is just as important as choosing the ideal gas for optimal cutting.
Oxy-Fuel Cutting
This method uses a combination of oxygen and a fuel gas such as acetylene or propane. A typical oxy-fuel cutting system comprises:
- A torch to direct the flame and oxygen onto the workpiece.
- Regulators for pressure control of the gases.
- Cylinders that store the gases.
- Cutting tips of different sizes based on material thickness and type.
To keep this system performing optimally, clean the tips and inspect the regulators regularly for leaks. Also, ensure the hoses are in good condition.
Plasma Cutting
Plasma cutting uses ionized gas (plasma) and electricity to create a high-temperature arc for cutting conductive materials, including aluminum, brass and copper. The plasma cutting system consists of a plasma torch which directs the arc to the workpiece, power supply and an air or nitrogen supply. Plasma cutters require periodic cleaning of the torch, nozzle and electrodes to maintain cutting performance.
Laser Cutting
Laser cutting uses high-energy laser beams to melt and vaporize metal for precise cuts. The system consists of a laser head to focus the beam, a laser source and a gas (usually oxygen or nitrogen) that helps remove the molten material from the cut area. Regular maintenance of the laser source and focusing lens is critical to maintain the beam’s precision.
Cutting Gas Applications and Equipment Compatibility
Cutting gases are invaluable in numerous industrial processes:
- Metal fabrication: Gases such as acetylene and propane are commonly used in metal fabrication across a wide range of industries.
- Ship building and construction: Oxy-fuel and plasma cutting can cut through thick metals ideal for heavy-duty industries such as ship-building and construction.
- Automotive and aerospace industries: Precision cutting methods such as laser and plasma cutting are critical in the motor vehicle and aerospace industries.